Update readme for SQLx.

The primary benefit of this is to avoid Rocket's database integration,
which has become problematic in this codebase with the update to the
new async style. Because the async database API is actually
synchronous under the hood, this introduces some annoying lifetime
requirements that basically force us to use owned data everywhere.

The original pattern was to have a separate data layer that could
invoke queries from `self` (the db connection). By using a true async
database driver, we can get this back, because the lifetimes are once
again flexible instead of the ones forced by Rocket.

.env

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-DATABASE_URL="./tenebrous.sqlite"
+DATABASE_URL="sqlite://tenebrous.sqlite"
+SQLX_OFFLINE="true"

.gitignore

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 /target
 todo.org
-*.sqlite
+*.sqlite*
+*.sqlite.*

Cargo.toml

@@ -4,6 +4,15 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 authors = ["jeff <jeff@agnos.is>"]
 edition = "2018"
 build = "build.rs"
+default-run = "tenebrous"
+
+[[bin]]
+name = "tenebrous-migrate"
+path = "src/migrate.rs"
+
+[[bin]]
+name = "tenebrous"
+path = "src/main.rs"
 
 [build-dependencies]
 prost-build = "0.6"
@@ -14,14 +23,15 @@ serde = "1.0"
 serde_derive = "1.0"
 serde_json = "1.0"
 erased-serde = "0.3"
-diesel = "1.4"
-diesel-derive-enum = { version = "1", features = ["sqlite"] }
 thiserror = "1.0"
 rust-argon2 = "0.8"
 log = "0.4"
 rand = "0.7"
 futures = "0.3"
 strum = { version = "0.20", features = ["derive"] }
+sqlx = { version = "0.4.2", features = [ "offline", "sqlite", "runtime-tokio-native-tls" ] }
+refinery = { version = "0.3", features = ["rusqlite"]}
+barrel = { version = "0.6", features = ["sqlite3"] }
 
 [dependencies.rocket]
 git = "https://github.com/SergioBenitez/Rocket"
@@ -32,4 +42,4 @@ features = ["secrets"]
 git = "https://github.com/SergioBenitez/Rocket"
 branch = "master"
 default-features = false
-features = [ "tera_templates", "diesel_sqlite_pool", "serve" ]
+features = [ "tera_templates",  "serve" ]

README.md

@@ -7,9 +7,7 @@ Currently under heavy development.
 ## Build Instructions
 
 These are very basic build instructions. They assume you already have
-cargo set up and installed. Building the application requires **Rust
+cargo set up and installed.
-Nightly!** See [rustup documentation][rustup] for more, particularly
-the part about using [Rust Nightly][nightly].
 
 ### Install Dependencies
 
@@ -23,18 +21,19 @@ Install dependencies. The exact method depends on your OS.
 
 ### Initial Setup
 
-Follow these instructions from the root of the repository. Set up database:
+Follow these instructions from the root of the repository.
+
+Set up database:
 
 ```
-cargo install diesel_cli --no-default-features --features sqlite
+cargo install --version=0.2.0 sqlx-cli
-diesel setup
+cargo run --bin tenebrous-migrate
-diesel migration run
 ```
 
 ### Run Application
 
 If you are using `rustup`, then it should automatically switch to the
-nightly version of Rust in this repository. This is because of the
+stable version of Rust in this repository. This is because of the
 `rust-toolchain` file.
 
 Command line "instructions" to build and run the application:
@@ -43,9 +42,27 @@ Command line "instructions" to build and run the application:
 cargo run
 ```
 
-The sqlite database is currently always created in the same directory
+The sqlite database is created in the directory `cargo run` was
-that `cargo run` was invoked from, so make sure you invoke it from the
+invoked from by default. You can also pass a path to a different
-same place every time.
+location as a single argument to the program.
+
+## Development
+
+Development instructions.
+
+To set up a local database, or run migrations, run:
+
+```
+cargo run --bin tenebrous-migrate
+```
+
+### Database Queries and Migrations
+
+When adding/updating a compile-checked query or a migration, you need
+to update the SQLx data JSON file:
+
+```
+cargo sqlx prepare -- --bin tenebrous
+```
 
 [rustup]: https://rust-lang.github.io/rustup/index.html
-[nightly]: https://rust-lang.github.io/rustup/concepts/channels.html#working-with-nightly-rust

migrations/2020-12-02-213704_characters/down.sql

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-DROP TABLE characters;

migrations/2020-12-02-213704_characters/up.sql

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-CREATE TABLE characters(
-       id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
-       user_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
-       viewable BOOLEAN NOT NULL,
-       character_name TEXT NOT NULL,
-       data_type TEXT CHECK(data_type IN ('chronicles_of_darkness_v1', 'changeling_v1')) NOT NULL,
-       data_version INTEGER NOT NULL,
-       data BLOB NOT NULL
-);

migrations/2020-12-04-202734_users/down.sql

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-DROP TABLE users;

migrations/2020-12-04-202734_users/up.sql

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-CREATE TABLE users (
-       id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
-       username TEXT NOT NULL,
-       password TEXT NOT NULL
-);

sqlx-data.json

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+{
+  "db": "SQLite",
+  "492e1e087edc6eff4004033227e3f3510f1165c3ec7626e89b695c760bc113d2": {
+    "query": "SELECT id as \"id: _\",\n              user_id as \"user_id: _\",\n              data_type as \"data_type: _\",\n              data_version as \"data_version: _\",\n              viewable, character_name\n             FROM characters WHERE user_id = ?",
+    "describe": {
+      "columns": [
+        {
+          "name": "id: _",
+          "ordinal": 0,
+          "type_info": "Int64"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "user_id: _",
+          "ordinal": 1,
+          "type_info": "Int64"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "data_type: _",
+          "ordinal": 2,
+          "type_info": "Null"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "data_version: _",
+          "ordinal": 3,
+          "type_info": "Int64"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "viewable",
+          "ordinal": 4,
+          "type_info": "Bool"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "character_name",
+          "ordinal": 5,
+          "type_info": "Text"
+        }
+      ],
+      "parameters": {
+        "Right": 1
+      },
+      "nullable": [
+        false,
+        false,
+        false,
+        false,
+        false,
+        false
+      ]
+    }
+  },
+  "7a55ee917cf1ec732b10b2844dd5a3d0089c177b0eb183932fd73e20387a1610": {
+    "query": "SELECT id as \"id: _\", username, password FROM users WHERE username = ?",
+    "describe": {
+      "columns": [
+        {
+          "name": "id: _",
+          "ordinal": 0,
+          "type_info": "Int64"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "username",
+          "ordinal": 1,
+          "type_info": "Text"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "password",
+          "ordinal": 2,
+          "type_info": "Text"
+        }
+      ],
+      "parameters": {
+        "Right": 1
+      },
+      "nullable": [
+        false,
+        false,
+        false
+      ]
+    }
+  },
+  "d7d1fc9ceff3b7659c8f04fd5b574104d1866cb1ea67d9534b6f3f4064699fb6": {
+    "query": "SELECT id as \"id: _\", username, password FROM users WHERE id = ?",
+    "describe": {
+      "columns": [
+        {
+          "name": "id: _",
+          "ordinal": 0,
+          "type_info": "Int64"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "username",
+          "ordinal": 1,
+          "type_info": "Text"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "password",
+          "ordinal": 2,
+          "type_info": "Text"
+        }
+      ],
+      "parameters": {
+        "Right": 1
+      },
+      "nullable": [
+        false,
+        false,
+        false
+      ]
+    }
+  },
+  "e3c4b224ce8ce70a4d7709af7abe82a6f53bff834460fa7d32bb0b6daea94565": {
+    "query": "SELECT id as \"id: _\",\n             user_id as \"user_id: _\",\n             viewable, character_name, data,\n             data_type as \"data_type: _\",\n             data_version as \"data_version: _\"\n             FROM characters WHERE id = ?",
+    "describe": {
+      "columns": [
+        {
+          "name": "id: _",
+          "ordinal": 0,
+          "type_info": "Int64"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "user_id: _",
+          "ordinal": 1,
+          "type_info": "Int64"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "viewable",
+          "ordinal": 2,
+          "type_info": "Bool"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "character_name",
+          "ordinal": 3,
+          "type_info": "Text"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "data",
+          "ordinal": 4,
+          "type_info": "Blob"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "data_type: _",
+          "ordinal": 5,
+          "type_info": "Null"
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "data_version: _",
+          "ordinal": 6,
+          "type_info": "Int64"
+        }
+      ],
+      "parameters": {
+        "Right": 1
+      },
+      "nullable": [
+        false,
+        false,
+        false,
+        false,
+        false,
+        false,
+        false
+      ]
+    }
+  }
+}

src/db.rs

@@ -1,120 +1,138 @@
 use crate::models::characters::{Character, NewCharacter, StrippedCharacter};
 use crate::models::users::{NewUser, User};
-use crate::schema::characters;
+use sqlx::sqlite::{SqliteConnectOptions, SqlitePool, SqlitePoolOptions};
-use diesel::prelude::*;
+use sqlx::ConnectOptions;
-use rocket_contrib::databases::diesel;
+use std::str::FromStr;
 
-#[database("tenebrous_db")]
+/// Type alias for the Rocket-managed singleton database connection.
-pub(crate) struct TenebrousDbConn(SqliteConnection);
+pub type TenebrousDbConn<'a> = rocket::State<'a, SqlitePool>;
+
+/// Create a connection pool to the database.
+pub(crate) async fn create_pool(db_path: &str) -> Result<SqlitePool, crate::errors::Error> {
+    //Create database if missing.
+    let conn = SqliteConnectOptions::from_str(&format!("sqlite://{}", db_path))?
+        .create_if_missing(true)
+        .connect()
+        .await?;
+
+    drop(conn);
+
+    //Return actual conncetion pool.
+    SqlitePoolOptions::new()
+        .max_connections(5)
+        .connect(db_path)
+        .await
+        .map_err(|e| e.into())
+}
 
 #[rocket::async_trait]
 pub(crate) trait Dao {
-    async fn load_user_by_id(&self, id: i32) -> QueryResult<Option<User>>;
+    async fn load_user_by_id(&self, id: i32) -> sqlx::Result<Option<User>>;
 
-    async fn load_user(&self, for_username: String) -> QueryResult<Option<User>>;
+    async fn load_user(&self, for_username: &str) -> sqlx::Result<Option<User>>;
 
-    async fn insert_user(&self, new_user: NewUser) -> QueryResult<User>;
+    async fn insert_user(&self, new_user: NewUser<'_>) -> sqlx::Result<User>;
 
-    async fn load_character_list(&self, for_user_id: i32) -> QueryResult<Vec<StrippedCharacter>>;
+    async fn load_character_list(&self, for_user_id: i32) -> sqlx::Result<Vec<StrippedCharacter>>;
 
-    async fn load_character(&self, character_id: i32) -> QueryResult<Option<Character>>;
+    async fn load_character(&self, character_id: i32) -> sqlx::Result<Option<Character>>;
 
-    async fn insert_character(&self, new_character: NewCharacter) -> QueryResult<()>;
+    async fn insert_character(&self, new_character: NewCharacter<'_>) -> sqlx::Result<()>;
 
-    async fn update_character_sheet(&self, character: Character) -> QueryResult<()>;
+    async fn update_character_sheet<'a>(&self, character: &'a Character) -> sqlx::Result<()>;
 }
 
-type StrippedCharacterColumns = (
+//TODO is:
-    characters::id,
+// - use compile time queries
-    characters::user_id,
+// - find replacement for diesel migrations
-    characters::viewable,
-    characters::character_name,
-    characters::data_type,
-    characters::data_version,
-);
-
-const STRIPPED_CHARACTER_COLUMNS: StrippedCharacterColumns = (
-    characters::id,
-    characters::user_id,
-    characters::viewable,
-    characters::character_name,
-    characters::data_type,
-    characters::data_version,
-);
-
 #[rocket::async_trait]
-impl Dao for TenebrousDbConn {
+impl Dao for SqlitePool {
-    async fn load_user_by_id(&self, user_id: i32) -> QueryResult<Option<User>> {
+    async fn load_user_by_id(&self, user_id: i32) -> sqlx::Result<Option<User>> {
-        use crate::schema::users::dsl::*;
+        sqlx::query_as!(
-        self.run(move |conn| users.filter(id.eq(user_id)).first(conn).optional())
+            User,
+            r#"SELECT id as "id: _", username, password FROM users WHERE id = ?"#,
+            user_id
+        )
+        .fetch_optional(self)
+        .await
+    }
+
+    async fn load_user(&self, for_username: &str) -> sqlx::Result<Option<User>> {
+        sqlx::query_as!(
+            User,
+            r#"SELECT id as "id: _", username, password FROM users WHERE username = ?"#,
+            for_username
+        )
+        .fetch_optional(self)
+        .await
+    }
+
+    async fn insert_user(&self, new_user: NewUser<'_>) -> sqlx::Result<User> {
+        sqlx::query("INSERT INTO users (username, password) values (?, ?)")
+            .bind(new_user.username)
+            .bind(new_user.password)
+            .execute(self)
+            .await?;
+
+        self.load_user(new_user.username)
             .await
+            .and_then(|user| user.ok_or(sqlx::Error::RowNotFound))
     }
 
-    async fn load_user(&self, for_username: String) -> QueryResult<Option<User>> {
+    async fn load_character_list(&self, for_user_id: i32) -> sqlx::Result<Vec<StrippedCharacter>> {
-        use crate::schema::users::dsl::*;
+        sqlx::query_as!(
-
+            StrippedCharacter,
-        self.run(move |conn| {
+            r#"SELECT id as "id: _",
-            users
+              user_id as "user_id: _",
-                .filter(username.eq(for_username))
+              data_type as "data_type: _",
-                .first(conn)
+              data_version as "data_version: _",
-                .optional()
+              viewable, character_name
-        })
+             FROM characters WHERE user_id = ?"#,
+            for_user_id
+        )
+        .fetch_all(self)
         .await
     }
 
-    async fn insert_user(&self, new_user: NewUser) -> QueryResult<User> {
+    async fn load_character(&self, character_id: i32) -> sqlx::Result<Option<Character>> {
-        self.run(move |conn| {
+        sqlx::query_as!(
-            diesel::insert_into(users).values(&new_user).execute(conn)?;
+            Character,
-
+            r#"SELECT id as "id: _",
-            use crate::schema::users::dsl::*;
+             user_id as "user_id: _",
-            users.filter(username.eq(new_user.username)).first(conn)
+             viewable, character_name, data,
-        })
+             data_type as "data_type: _",
+             data_version as "data_version: _"
+             FROM characters WHERE id = ?"#,
+            character_id
+        )
+        .fetch_optional(self)
         .await
     }
 
-    async fn load_character_list(&self, for_user_id: i32) -> QueryResult<Vec<StrippedCharacter>> {
+    async fn insert_character(&self, new_character: NewCharacter<'_>) -> sqlx::Result<()> {
-        use crate::schema::characters::dsl::*;
+        sqlx::query(
-
+            "INSERT INTO characters
-        self.run(move |conn| {
+                    (user_id, viewable, character_name, data_type, data_version, data)
-            characters
+                    values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
-                .filter(user_id.eq(for_user_id))
+        )
-                .select(STRIPPED_CHARACTER_COLUMNS)
+        .bind(new_character.user_id)
-                .load(conn)
+        .bind(new_character.viewable)
-        })
+        .bind(new_character.character_name)
-        .await
+        .bind(new_character.data_type)
-    }
+        .bind(new_character.data_version)
-
+        .bind(new_character.data)
-    async fn load_character(&self, character_id: i32) -> QueryResult<Option<Character>> {
+        .execute(self)
-        use crate::schema::characters::dsl::*;
-
-        self.run(move |conn| {
-            characters
-                .filter(id.eq(character_id))
-                .first(conn)
-                .optional()
-        })
-        .await
-    }
-
-    async fn insert_character(&self, new_character: NewCharacter) -> QueryResult<()> {
-        self.run(|conn| {
-            diesel::insert_into(characters::table)
-                .values(new_character)
-                .execute(conn)
-        })
         .await?;
 
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    async fn update_character_sheet(&self, character: Character) -> QueryResult<()> {
+    async fn update_character_sheet<'a>(&self, character: &'a Character) -> sqlx::Result<()> {
-        use crate::schema::characters::dsl::*;
+        sqlx::query("UPDATE characters set data = ? where id = ?")
-        self.run(move |conn| {
+            .bind(&character.data)
-            diesel::update(&character)
+            .bind(character.id)
-                .set(data.eq(&character.data))
+            .execute(self)
-                .execute(conn)
+            .await?;
-        })
-        .await?;
 
         Ok(())
     }

src/errors.rs

@@ -20,9 +20,6 @@ pub enum Error {
     #[error("invalid input")]
     InvalidInput,
 
-    #[error("query error: {0}")]
-    QueryError(#[from] diesel::result::Error),
-
     #[error("serialization error: {0}")]
     SerializationError(#[from] prost::EncodeError),
 
@@ -31,6 +28,12 @@ pub enum Error {
 
     #[error("i/o error: {0}")]
     IoError(#[from] std::io::Error),
+
+    #[error("query error: {0}")]
+    QueryError(#[from] sqlx::Error),
+
+    #[error("rocket error: {0}")]
+    RocketError(#[from] rocket::error::Error),
 }
 
 impl Error {

src/main.rs

@@ -4,9 +4,6 @@ extern crate rocket;
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate rocket_contrib;
 
-#[macro_use]
-extern crate diesel;
-
 // Seemingly necessary to get serde::Serialize into scope for Prost
 // code generation.
 #[macro_use]
@@ -14,16 +11,28 @@ extern crate serde_derive;
 
 use rocket_contrib::serve::StaticFiles;
 use rocket_contrib::templates::Template;
+use std::env;
 
 pub mod catchers;
 pub mod db;
 pub mod errors;
+pub mod migrator;
 pub mod models;
 pub mod routes;
-pub mod schema;
 
 #[rocket::main]
-async fn main() -> Result<(), rocket::error::Error> {
+async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+    let args: Vec<String> = env::args().collect();
+    let db_path: &str = match &args[..] {
+        [_, path] => path.as_ref(),
+        [_, _, ..] => panic!("Expected exactly 0 or 1 argument"),
+        _ => "tenebrous.sqlite",
+    };
+
+    println!("Using database: {}", db_path);
+
+    migrator::migrate(db_path).await?;
+
     let root_routes: Vec<rocket::Route> = {
         routes::root::routes()
             .into_iter()
@@ -37,7 +46,8 @@ async fn main() -> Result<(), rocket::error::Error> {
 
     rocket::ignite()
         .attach(Template::fairing())
-        .attach(db::TenebrousDbConn::fairing())
+        //.attach(db::TenebrousDbConn::fairing())
+        .manage(crate::db::create_pool(db_path).await?)
         .mount("/", root_routes)
         .mount("/characters", character_routes)
         .mount("/api", api_routes)
@@ -52,4 +62,5 @@ async fn main() -> Result<(), rocket::error::Error> {
         .register(catchers)
         .launch()
         .await
+        .map_err(|e| e.into())
 }

src/migrate.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+use std::env;
+
+pub mod migrator;
+
+#[rocket::main]
+async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+    let args: Vec<String> = env::args().collect();
+    let db_path: &str = match &args[..] {
+        [_, path] => path.as_ref(),
+        [_, _, ..] => panic!("Expected exactly 0 or 1 argument"),
+        _ => "tenebrous.sqlite",
+    };
+
+    println!("Using database: {}", db_path);
+
+    crate::migrator::migrate(db_path).await
+}

src/migrator.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+use refinery::config::{Config, ConfigDbType};
+use sqlx::sqlite::SqliteConnectOptions;
+use sqlx::ConnectOptions;
+use std::str::FromStr;
+
+pub mod migrations;
+
+/// Run database migrations against the sqlite database.
+pub(crate) async fn migrate(db_path: &str) -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+    //Create database if missing.
+    let conn = SqliteConnectOptions::from_str(&format!("sqlite://{}", db_path))?
+        .create_if_missing(true)
+        .connect()
+        .await?;
+
+    drop(conn);
+
+    let mut conn = Config::new(ConfigDbType::Sqlite).set_db_path(db_path);
+    println!("Running migrations");
+    migrations::runner().run(&mut conn)?;
+    Ok(())
+}

src/migrator/migrations/V1__users.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+use barrel::backend::Sqlite;
+use barrel::{types, Migration};
+
+pub fn migration() -> String {
+    let mut m = Migration::new();
+    println!("Applying migration: {}", file!());
+
+    m.create_table("users", |t| {
+        t.add_column("id", types::primary());
+        t.add_column("username", types::text());
+        t.add_column("password", types::text());
+    });
+
+    m.make::<Sqlite>()
+}

src/migrator/migrations/V2__characters.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+use barrel::backend::Sqlite;
+use barrel::{types, Migration};
+
+pub fn migration() -> String {
+    let mut m = Migration::new();
+    println!("Applying migration: {}", file!());
+
+    m.create_table("characters", move |t| {
+        let db_enum = r#"CHECK(data_type IN ('chronicles_of_darkness_v1', 'changeling_v1'))"#;
+        t.add_column("id", types::primary());
+        t.add_column("user_id", types::integer());
+        t.add_column("viewable", types::boolean());
+        t.add_column("character_name", types::text());
+        t.add_column("data_type", types::custom(db_enum));
+        t.add_column("data_version", types::integer());
+        t.add_column("data", types::custom("BLOB"));
+    });
+
+    m.make::<Sqlite>()
+}

src/migrator/migrations/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+use refinery::include_migration_mods;
+include_migration_mods!("src/migrator/migrations");

src/models/characters.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 use crate::errors::Error;
 use crate::models::proto::cofd::*;
 use crate::models::users::User;
-use crate::schema::characters;
-use diesel_derive_enum::DbEnum;
 use prost::bytes::BytesMut;
 use serde_derive::Serialize;
 use strum::{EnumIter, EnumString};
@@ -41,7 +39,8 @@ pub(crate) trait Visibility {
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(DbEnum, Debug, Serialize, PartialEq, Clone, Copy, EnumIter, EnumString)]
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize, PartialEq, Clone, Copy, EnumIter, EnumString, sqlx::Type)]
+#[sqlx(rename_all = "snake_case")]
 pub enum CharacterDataType {
     ChroniclesOfDarknessV1,
     ChangelingV1,
@@ -73,7 +72,7 @@ impl CharacterDataType {
 
 /// An entry that appears in a user's character list. Properties are
 /// in order of table columns.
-#[derive(Serialize, Debug, Queryable, Identifiable, AsChangeset)]
+#[derive(Serialize, Debug, sqlx::FromRow)]
 pub struct Character {
     pub id: i32,
     pub user_id: i32,
@@ -145,7 +144,7 @@ impl Character {
 
 /// Same as regular character type, but without the actual protobuf
 /// data loaded into memory.
-#[derive(Serialize, Debug, Queryable)]
+#[derive(Serialize, Debug, sqlx::FromRow)]
 pub struct StrippedCharacter {
     pub id: i32,
     pub user_id: i32,
@@ -167,13 +166,11 @@ impl Visibility for StrippedCharacter {
 
 /// Represents insert of a new character into the database. Property
 /// names correspond to columns.
-#[derive(Insertable)]
+pub struct NewCharacter<'a> {
-#[table_name = "characters"]
-pub struct NewCharacter {
     pub user_id: i32,
     pub viewable: bool,
-    pub character_name: String,
+    pub character_name: &'a str,
     pub data_type: CharacterDataType,
     pub data_version: i32,
-    pub data: Vec<u8>,
+    pub data: &'a [u8],
 }

src/models/users.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 use crate::db::{Dao, TenebrousDbConn};
-use crate::schema::users;
 use argon2::{self, Config, Error as ArgonError};
 use rand::Rng;
 use rocket::outcome::IntoOutcome;
@@ -12,7 +11,7 @@ pub(crate) fn hash_password(raw_password: &str) -> Result<String, ArgonError> {
     argon2::hash_encoded(raw_password.as_bytes(), &salt, &config)
 }
 
-#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Serialize, Debug, Queryable)]
+#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Serialize, Debug, sqlx::FromRow)]
 pub struct User {
     pub id: i32,
     pub username: String,
@@ -25,10 +24,11 @@ impl User {
     }
 }
 
-async fn attempt_load_user<'a>(db: &'a TenebrousDbConn, id: i32) -> Option<User> {
+async fn attempt_load_user<'a>(db: &'a TenebrousDbConn<'a>, id: i32) -> Option<User> {
     db.load_user_by_id(id).await.ok().flatten()
 }
 
+/// Trait implementation to get the logged in user.
 #[rocket::async_trait]
 impl<'a, 'r> FromRequest<'a, 'r> for &'a User {
     type Error = ();
@@ -53,9 +53,7 @@ impl<'a, 'r> FromRequest<'a, 'r> for &'a User {
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Insertable)]
+pub struct NewUser<'a> {
-#[table_name = "users"]
+    pub username: &'a str,
-pub struct NewUser {
+    pub password: &'a str,
-    pub username: String,
-    pub password: String,
 }

src/routes/api.rs

@@ -24,13 +24,13 @@ pub(crate) fn routes() -> Vec<rocket::Route> {
 /// logged in, the owner of the character is not found, or the logged
 /// in user does not have the permission to access this character.
 async fn load_character(
-    conn: &TenebrousDbConn,
+    conn: &TenebrousDbConn<'_>,
     logged_in_user: Option<&User>,
     owner: String,
     character_id: i32,
 ) -> Result<Character, Error> {
     let logged_in_user = logged_in_user.ok_or(Error::NotLoggedIn)?;
-    let owner = conn.load_user(owner).await?.ok_or(Error::NotFound)?;
+    let owner = conn.load_user(&owner).await?.ok_or(Error::NotFound)?;
     let character: Character = conn
         .load_character(character_id)
         .await?
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ mod cofd {
         owner: String,
         character_id: i32,
         attr_update: Proto<Attribute>,
-        conn: TenebrousDbConn,
+        conn: TenebrousDbConn<'_>,
         logged_in_user: Option<&User>,
     ) -> Result<&'a str, Error> {
         let mut character = load_character(&conn, logged_in_user, owner, character_id).await?;
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ mod cofd {
         );
 
         character.update_data(sheet)?;
-        conn.update_character_sheet(character).await?;
+        conn.update_character_sheet(&character).await?;
         Ok("lol")
     }
 
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ mod cofd {
         owner: String,
         character_id: i32,
         info: Proto<Skills>,
-        conn: TenebrousDbConn,
+        conn: TenebrousDbConn<'_>,
     ) -> &'a str {
         "lol"
     }

src/routes/auth.rs

@@ -50,10 +50,10 @@ fn registration_error_redirect<S: AsRef<str>>(message: S) -> Flash<Redirect> {
 async fn login(
     cookies: &CookieJar<'_>,
     login: Form<Login>,
-    conn: TenebrousDbConn,
+    conn: TenebrousDbConn<'_>,
 ) -> Result<Redirect, Flash<Redirect>> {
     let user = conn
-        .load_user(login.username.clone())
+        .load_user(&login.username)
         .await
         .map_err(|e| {
             error!("login - error loading user user: {}", e);
@@ -104,15 +104,12 @@ fn register_page(flash: Option<FlashMessage>) -> Template {
 async fn register(
     mut cookies: &CookieJar<'_>,
     registration: Form<Registration>,
-    conn: TenebrousDbConn,
+    conn: TenebrousDbConn<'_>,
 ) -> Result<Redirect, Flash<Redirect>> {
-    let existing_user = conn
+    let existing_user = conn.load_user(&registration.username).await.map_err(|e| {
-        .load_user(registration.username.clone())
+        error!("registration - error loading existing user: {}", e);
-        .await
+        registration_error_redirect("There was an error attempting to register.")
-        .map_err(|e| {
+    })?;
-            error!("registration - error loading existing user: {}", e);
-            registration_error_redirect("There was an error attempting to register.")
-        })?;
 
     if existing_user.is_some() {
         return Err(registration_error_redirect(format!(
@@ -127,8 +124,8 @@ async fn register(
     })?;
 
     let user = NewUser {
-        username: registration.username.clone(),
+        username: &registration.username,
-        password: hashed_pw,
+        password: &hashed_pw,
     };
 
     let user = conn.insert_user(user).await.map_err(|e| {

src/routes/characters.rs

@@ -50,10 +50,10 @@ fn view_character_template(user: &User, character: Character) -> Result<Template
 async fn view_character(
     character_id: i32,
     username: String,
-    conn: TenebrousDbConn,
+    conn: TenebrousDbConn<'_>,
     logged_in_user: Option<&User>,
 ) -> Result<Template, Error> {
-    let user = &conn.load_user(username).await?.ok_or(Error::NotFound)?;
+    let user = &conn.load_user(&username).await?.ok_or(Error::NotFound)?;
 
     let character = conn
         .load_character(character_id)

src/routes/characters/edit.rs

@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ pub(super) async fn edit_character_page(
     character_id: i32,
     owner: String,
     logged_in_user: Option<&User>,
-    conn: TenebrousDbConn,
+    conn: TenebrousDbConn<'_>,
 ) -> Result<Template, Error> {
-    let owner = conn.load_user(owner).await?.ok_or(Error::NotFound)?;
+    let owner = conn.load_user(&owner).await?.ok_or(Error::NotFound)?;
 
     let logged_in_user = logged_in_user.ok_or(Error::NotLoggedIn)?;
     let character = conn

src/routes/characters/new.rs

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ impl NewCharacterContext {
 async fn create_new_character(
     form: &Form<NewCharacterForm>,
     user_id: i32,
-    conn: TenebrousDbConn,
+    conn: TenebrousDbConn<'_>,
 ) -> Result<(), Error> {
     let system: CharacterDataType = *form.system.as_ref().unwrap();
     let sheet: Vec<u8> = system.create_data()?.to_vec();
@@ -67,10 +67,10 @@ async fn create_new_character(
     let insert = NewCharacter {
         user_id: user_id,
         viewable: true,
-        character_name: form.name.clone(),
+        character_name: &form.name,
         data_type: system,
         data_version: 1,
-        data: sheet,
+        data: &sheet,
     };
 
     conn.insert_character(insert).await?;
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ pub(super) fn new_character_page(_logged_in_user: &User) -> Result<Template, Err
 pub(super) async fn new_character_submit(
     form: Form<NewCharacterForm>,
     logged_in_user: &User,
-    conn: TenebrousDbConn,
+    conn: TenebrousDbConn<'_>,
 ) -> Result<Redirect, Template> {
     if let Err(e) = &form.system {
         return Err(render_error(&form, e.to_string().clone()));

src/routes/root.rs

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ pub struct UserHomeContext<'a> {
 }
 
 #[get("/")]
-async fn user_index(user: &User, conn: TenebrousDbConn) -> Result<Template, Error> {
+async fn user_index(user: &User, conn: TenebrousDbConn<'_>) -> Result<Template, Error> {
     let characters: Vec<StrippedCharacter> = conn
         .load_character_list(user.id)
         .await?

src/schema.rs

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-table! {
-    use diesel::sql_types::*;
-    use crate::models::characters::*;
-
-    characters (id) {
-        id -> Integer,
-        user_id -> Integer,
-        viewable -> Bool,
-        character_name -> Text,
-        data_type -> CharacterDataTypeMapping,
-        data_version -> Integer,
-        data -> Binary,
-    }
-}
-
-table! {
-    use diesel::sql_types::*;
-    use crate::models::characters::*;
-
-    users (id) {
-        id -> Integer,
-        username -> Text,
-        password -> Text,
-    }
-}
-
-allow_tables_to_appear_in_same_query!(
-    characters,
-    users,
-);